Endometrial Biopsy

Endometrial Biopsy is a procedure in which a sample of the endometrium (tissue lining the inside of the uterus) is removed for microscopic examination. This is usually done to determine whether the abnormal bleeding is secondary to abnormal endometrial cells (hyperplasia). Sometimes it is done to rule out endometrial cancer. Previously, woman would need to have a D & C (dilatation and curettage) in order to obtain this sample of endometrial cells.

An endometrial biopsy is performed by a physician, usually a gynecologist or a family physician in the doctor’s office. It usually takes about 10 minutes. Women, who require an endometrial biopsy, will be asked to lie on their back with feet in stirrups.  The doctor first opens the vagina with a speculum (a metal instrument) just as during a Pap test. Sometimes the doctor will use a local anesthetic to the cervix to help reduce discomfort. A thin, flexible, straw-like tube is inserted through the opening of the uterus and a small amount of fluid or tissue is removed using suction. No cutting or incision is made.  Some women experience cramping or pressure during the procedure. It is often suggested to take Ibuprofen or Tylenol prior to the procedure to reduce the discomfort. The sample is sent to the lab for analysis.

Some women may have cramping and bleeding for a short while (1-2 days) after an endometrial biopsy. Rarely, women may have a sensitivity or reaction to the anesthetic or may develop infection in the uterus and fallopian tubes following this procedure. Very rarely, the uterus or cervix may be damaged by an endometrial biopsy. Endometrial biopsy may interfere with a pregnancy so it should never be done on women who are pregnant. Please inform your doctor if you think you may be pregnant.

Post Procedure Instructions

• Take a mild pain reliever (Tylenol or Advil) for menstrual like cramps. 

• Report excessive bleeding or pain following this procedure. Normally you should have no pain and minimal bleeding after 2 days. 

• Report to your doctor any flu-like symptoms such as chills or fever. This may indicate infection and may require further treatment. 

• Do not place anything in your vagina and avoid intercourse for 2-3 days following this procedure.